(For the reader’s convenience, this article will be translated into Chinese in a separate entry.)
8 ) What should I do to help someone who seems to have depression or other behavioral symptoms but does not want to see a psychiatrist or psychotherapist?
A: First, it is common that patients with emotional or behavioral problems do not actually realize that they are having these difficulties. If so, it is important to talk to these persons with a genuinely caring attitude and gently point out your and others’ observation, and then suggest that they consult with a mental health professional. On the other hand, many patients do know that they are having thinking, emotional, and/or behavioral difficulties but still refuse to see a mental health professional. There are many reasons for their rejection, including fear of being judged or looked down on and not realizing their problems are affecting people around them. Thus, in addition to showing sympathy to his/her suffering, it is also important to gently inform the patient the impact of his /her symptoms on others, and discuss his/her reasons for resisting seeking care in an unthreatening and open way.
In order to find professional help, seeing a primary care doctor is probably a good start, because it is important to rule out any physical illnesses (such as thyroid diseases, brain tumor, anemia) that may cause the mood or thinking problems. Some medications or substances, such as alcohol and painkillers, can cause emotional and behavioral problems. Seeing a general practice physician can also seem less threatening and embarrassing for people who are afraid of the stigma against mental illness.
In recent years, the medical community had learned a lot more about the biological and genetic factors of mental illnesses, the mechanisms of neurotransmitter imbalance and receptor disregulation in the brain, and the physical consequences of mental illness (such as increased risk of cardiovascular diseases among patients with major depressive disorder). Therefore, it often helps to compare mental health problems with other health problems when you are trying to persuade patients to seek medical help. For instance, will the patient consider seeing a doctor if he or she has a stroke or brain tumor?
A primary care physician is a good source for getting referrals to a reputable and competent mental health professional. If a patient still does not want to see a mental health professional referred to them, the primary care physician may question and clarify the sources of the resistance.
If a patient expresses thoughts of or give indications for harming himself/herself or others, or is unable to take care of self for daily living, he or she should be sent to a hospital emergency room for evaluation and treatment. In the United States, if aperson is not a danger to self or others, health care professionals cannot force him/her to receive treatment. In other words, even the police cannot force a person to go to the hospital or to see a doctor if he or she is not a danger to self or others.